24 Oct 2016 . Monday . 9am . Information Technology : Tuitorial

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Question

Chapter 1 : Introduction to computer

1. give definition of information technology
2. list down the importance of information technology
3. what is computer?
4. list the improtance of computer
5. list downt the telecommunication devices
6. list 3 types of computer
7. what is category of computer and describe it
8. gives 3 basic function of sofware
9. explain 3 main system software in short

Chapter 2: Input output devices and computer hardware

1. define an input devices and output devices
2. describe 3 basic type of mouse
3. what is optical mark reader ( OMR )
4. what is the function of CCD camera

Chapter 3: Components of system units

1. what is circuit board?
2. define the meaning of chip
3. list and describe 2 main components of CPU
4. list and describe 4 operations of Machine Cycle
5. what is definition of memory
6. please indicate the example of registers

Chapter 4: Storage

1.  give definition of Floppy Disk Drives ( FDD ) and list the advantages and disadvantages of FDD

Answer

Chapter 1 : Introduction to computer

1. give definition of information technology
Information technology (IT) is the use of any computers, storage, networking and other physical devices, infrastructure and processes to create, process, store, secure and exchange all forms of electronic data.


2. list down the importance of information technology

• essntial ingredient in managing business 
• processes of most organizations
• reductions in adminstration costs
• improve staff productivity
•  assist in the design and manufacture of products
• imporve the efficiency of interactions with clients
• customers, suppliers and distribution outlets
• create opportunities ofr new services, products ad business ventures
 

3 .what is computer?
an electronic device that stores, retrieves, and processes data and can be programmed with instructions. A computer is composed of hardware and software and can exist in a variety of sizes and configuration.


4. list the importance of computer

• business - They can do business transactions very easily and accurately and keep the record of all the profit and loss. Today computers can be found in every store, supermarkets, restaurants, offices etc. special software is used in these computers to calculate the huge bills within seconds
• communication - Through email we can send messages to anybody in any part of the world in just a second while if we write letter then it will reach in some days.
• bank - Almost every bank is using computers to keep the record of all the money transaction and other calculations. Moreover it provides speed, convenience and security

5 . list down the telecommunication devices

• wireless phone
• personal digital assistant
• walkie talkie
• pager
• fax machine
• video conferencing 
• telegraph

6. list 3 types of computer

• analog - process physical data
• digital - process data in binary
• hybrid - combination of analog and digital computer

7. what is category of computer and describe it

•  mainframe - larges catogory of computer used for major business processing
• midrange - middle size computer capable of suporting the computing needs of small organization or of managing networks of other computers
• minicomputer - middle range computers used in Universities, factories and research laboratories as server to manage organization computer network.

8. gives 3 basic function of software

•  manange computer system's data sources 
• create plateforms and tools to used the data source
• act as the " middle man" between human and data source storage

9. explain 3 main system software in short

• operating systems - manage and control the computer's activities
• computer language translation programs - convert programming languages into machine language
• utility programs - common processing tasks.

Chapter 2: Input output devices and computer hardware

1. define an input devices and output devices 

• insput device captures data and sends it to a computer system
• input device convert physical movement such as key pressing or environmental data such as temperature, sound or light into electrical signal 

2.describe 3 basic type of mouse

• mechanical - has a rubber or metal ball on itss underside that can roll in all directions
• opt mechanical - same as mechanical but uses optical sensors to direct motion of the ball
• optical - uses laser to detect the mouse moment. they responses more quickly and precisely than mechanically and opt mechanical mouse

3. what is optical mark reader ( OMR )

• optical mark reader
• its a special mark such as squires or bubbles are prepared on examination answer sheets with pencil or ink
• OMR detects these mark and sends corresponding signals to the processor
• if mark is present the amount of reflected light is reduced
• analysis of objective types question

4. what is the function of CCD camera
to provide vision to computers sensors like video camera and opticron cameras
provide signals proportional to the intensity of light falling on the object
CCD image sensors are widely used in professional, medical and scientific application where high quality image data is required


Chapter 3: Components of system units

1. what is circuit board?

• thin board containing chips - very small pieces of silicon or other semi-conducting material onto which integrated circuits are embedded and other electronic components

2. define the meaning of chip

• small piece of semi conducting material on which integrated circuits are etched

3 .list and describe 2 main components of CPU

• arithmetic or logic unit - perform 2 types of operations, arithmetic ( +,-*, /) and logic ( <,>=)
• control unit - tell the rest of computer how to carry out a programs instructions, work with a program counter, it directs the movement of electronic signals between memory, instruction and arithmetic logic unit

4 .list and describe 4 operations of Machine Cycle

• step 1 : fetch - obtain program instruction or data item from memory
• step 2 : decode - translate instruction into commands
• step 3 : execute - carry out command
• step 4 : store - write result to memory

5. what is definition of memory

• electronic components that sotre instructions , data and results
• consist of one or more chips on motherboard or other circuit board
• its hold memory modules

 6. please indicate the example of registers

• accumulator
• program counter
• instruction resiter
• memory address register
• memory data register
• status register

Chapter 4: Storage

 1 . give definition of Floppy Disk Drives ( FDD ) and list the advantages and disadvantages of FDD

• floopy disk drive used to read and write info to and from floppy drive
• the advantages of FDD is its portability and disadvantages is limited storage capacity