Diploma Estate Management: building tech 1

Showing posts with label building tech 1. Show all posts

What is foundation? ( definition of foundation )

Lower portion of the building usually located below ground level. Part of the structure which is in direct contact with the ground to which loads are transmitted.

Briefly explain what is foundation? ( definition of foundation + function )

Foundation also known as footing. It is a lower portion of the building usually located below ground level. Part of the structure which is in direct contact with the ground to which loads are transmitted. Transmits the loads of the super structure to the supporting soil. (Transfer the weight of the building to the ground )

What is the function of foundation?

Briefly explain what is the function of foundation?

even distribution of the load

lateral stability

provision of level surface

safety again undermining due to burrowing animal and scouring due to flood water

https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/736x/be/f3/03/bef3039eb666fdba5928b31cc541b320.jpg

undermining 破坏 due to burrowing animals 穴居动物

Image result for burrowing animals clipart

undermining 破坏 due to burrowing animals 穴居动物

https://www.wsdot.wa.gov/NR/rdonlyres/5C32A8E1-33FC-40F2-B38B-CDA46AC1B14B/0/Scour_1.png

scouring 淘 ( wash ) due to flood water

scouring 淘 ( wash ) due to flood water

protection again soil movement

1. Reduction of load intensity

Foundation distributes the loads of the super structure, to a larger area so that the intensity of the load at its base (i.e. total load divided by the total area) does not exceed the safe bearing capacity of the sub-soil.

2. Even distribution of load

Foundations distribute the non-uniform load of the super structure evenly to the sub soil. For example, two columns carrying unequal loads can have a combined footing which may transmit the load to sub soil evenly with uniform soil pressure. Due to this, unequal or differential settlements are minimized.

3. Provision of level surface

Foundation provide leveled and hard surface over which the super structure can be built.

4. Lateral stability

It anchors the super structure to the ground, thus imparting lateral stability to the super structure. The stability of the building, against sliding and overturning, due to horizontal forces (such as wind, earthquake etc.) is increased due to foundations.

5. Safety against undermining

It provides the structural safety against undermining or scouring due to burrowing 穴居animals and flood water.

6. Protection against soil movements

Special foundation measures prevents or minimizes the distress (or cracks) in the super structure, due to expansion or contraction of the sub soil because of moisture movement in some problematic soils.

How many types of foundation?

Our site visit just next to Legasi Gallery

Mr Zaba belanja us for nasi lemak

Mr Sebastian give brief explanation to us before entering the premise

External look of the premise

Mr Sebastian ...

top students are ....

Nick, Goh and Lum on action

15th August (next Mon)
1. Sebastian's assignment due date
2. Field trip to kampung baru. Call time 9.30 at college lobby

22nd August (retest)
For those who absent or failed the mid term test, kindly make yourself available to resit.

Building tech n site survey marks allocation
1. Assignment 30%
2. Mid term test 20%
3. Final exam 50%

Functional

Sheltering element must control

passage of moisture vapor
infiltration of air
drain rainwater to system of drains and gutless
flow of heat and solar radiation
resist spread of fire

how to reduce heat enter the house?
stop the HEAT GAIN then only reduce the heat sprinkle
dome

structural element must

spand across space
carry its own weight
flat roof
resist lateral and uplifting forces

roof rainwater system
a system of gutters, channels and pipes which collects water from roofs and conveys it to a drainage system

rainwater or roof gutter
a slightly sloping channel or pipe at roof eaves ect to collect rainwater from a roof surface and convey it to downpipe

rainwater spout or gargoyle
a piped fitting to direct rainwater from a gutter or roof surface away from the roof and wall surfaces of building

Rainwater spout with downpipe

Image result for rainwater spout gargoyle

Rainwater spout with gargoyle

Insulation and Rain Protection

thermal and fire insulation and roof ventilation
rainwater system at eaves

Type of Roof - Shape

2 main type of roof slop ( pitch ) roof and flat roof
shape of a roof will determine what materials should be usd on its structure and covering
each form demands different performance of structure and covering