Nyatakan 5 factok yang menyebabkan kegemilangan Melaka sebagai pusat dagangan yang penting
- Pentadbiran
- Kedudukan Strategik
- Ekonomi
- Agama islam
- Sistem cukai
- Keamana and ketenteraman -
- Tempat persinggahan - persediaan dan kemudahan yang boleh memenuhi saudagar seperti gudang bawah tanah
- perananan orang laut
- penggunaan mata wang
- sistem sukat
- kaya dengan sumber seperti hasil hutan ( cengkal, damar, rotan, kayu wangi ) dan rempah
- hasil laut
- sistem pengurusan melaka yang cekap
- china beri perlindungan
Salah satu faktor semulajadi yang menyubang kepada kegemilangan Melaka sebagai pusat dagangan yang penting adalah kedudukan yang strategik. nayta 5 faktor nya
- terletak di tengah tengah jalan pertemuman dari timur ( China ) dan barat ( Tanah Arab, India )
- perairan selat melaka adalah dalam
- perlabuhan adalah jauh dari paya bakau
- terlekak di persimpangan angin
- terselindung dari angin kencang
- pertemuan anging monsun ( timur laut - nov-> march , barat daya - april - oct )
- lorong sempit - daya tarikan untuk singgah
Salah satu faktor yang menyubang kepada kegemilangan Melaka sebagai
pusat dagangan yang penting adalah pentadbiran yang cekap nayta 5
faktor nya
- Hukum kanun Melaka
- Undang Undang laut
- Sistem percukaian
- nakhoda
- shahbandar
- rapat dengan china
- orang laut
- bahasa melayu
Kerutuhan Melaka - Sebab Sebab
- Kematian tun perak - kelemahah pemimpin
- Askar tak terlatih dan tidak taat
- Kedatangan portugis
- alat perperangan kurang moden
- perpaduan dan rampasan kuasa
Kesan social kedatangan jepun
- bahasa jepun wajib belajar
- public holiday jepun diperkenalkan
- orang melayu dilayan baik dengan tujuan dapat pentadbiran
- sekolah ingeris dan cina dihapuskan sekolah jepun diperkenal kan
- kimigayo lagu kebangsaan diperkenalkan
-
rukun negara
1)
KEPERCAYAAN KEPADA TUHAN
2) KESETIAAN
KEPADA RAJA DAN NEGARA
3)KELUHURAN PERLEMBAGAAN
4) KEDAULATAN UNDANG-UNDANG
5) KESOPANAN DAN
KESUSILAAN
Section A Structural Question ( 5 - 8 question )
Section B Essay ( 2 Question )
Chapter 2
Communicating
How organization return
electronic messages
email and instant messages
best practice for IM professionally
advantages & disadvantages using IM
theory part about email
how to get started email
getting started
Chapter 3
what is communication, feature of communication, component of communication,
memorize the picture of process of communication , effective communication
What is communication?
- communication is art of transmitting
- information
- ideas
- attitudes from one person to another.
- communication is the process of meaningful
- interaction among human beings.
Why communication if important?
Communication is important because, it a lifeblood of every organization
There are 2 type of communication. Internal and External. What are the internal communication?
- upward communication
- downward communication
- lateral or horizontal communication
What are the features of communication?
- 2 way process
- information sharing and understanding
- verbal and non-verbal
- circular flow ( 循環活動 )
- goal oriented
- continuous process
- pervasive activity ( berleluasa )
What are the components of communication?
- sender - encoder
- message
- medium - channel
- receiver - decoder
- feedback
Draw a communication process.
sender => encoding message => message channel => decoding message => receiver
note: there are noise between the encoding and decoding.
There are 2 type of communication. Internal and External. Based on the communication channels used there are another 2 types of communication . What are they?
- verbal communication ( oral and written )
- non verbal communication ( gesture手勢, body language, face expression, posture 姿勢, tone of voice )
What are the 3 main element of non verbal communication?
- Body language - gesture, posture, face expression,
- Sound - tone, volume, speech rate
- Appearance - use of cosmetics, clothing, hairstyle, neatness.
What are the principles of effective communication?
- clarity 明晰
- objective 目的
- understanding the receiver 理解
- consistency 一致
- completeness 完整性
- feedback 回复
- time 時間
Communicating is straight forward. What makes it complex, difficult & frustrating are the barrier we put in the way. What are the barriers in communication?
- message congruency 消息一致性
- expectation
- information overloaded
- trust and credibility
- avoidance 避免
- fixing
- scapegoating 替罪羊
- probing 探測
- speaking in code 在代碼中
- exclusion 排除
- control
- blaming
- boundary or barrier
- time
- emotions
- conflict avoidance
note: as a negotiator, why sometime fail to deliver the messages to the potential prospect? why a student fail in their study even the presenter had well present? why a an angry couple not understand each other? the language speak between the army? when you boycott someone
What are the 7 C's of effective communication?
- completeness 完整性
- conciseness 簡明
- consideration 考慮
- clarity 明晰
- concreteness 具體性
- courtesy 禮貌
- correctness 正確性
note : imagine you are presenting a Maisson Residence final release unit to potential buyer.
- What should a consultant should have in their attitude 1st? courtesy
- Have to present in KISS way - conciseness.
- Your content and information must be - clarity, concreteness
- You have to answer the questions asked - completeness
- Make the buyer consider buy your product - consideration
we cannot judge walk in buyer by surface and we should think that is opp
courtesy - no discriminatory expression, show respect, thoughtful & appreciative
we will brieftly show them the scale model and brieft introduction of about Maisson
Chapter 4
write a letter
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Final Exam is 40%, Blog 30%, Diagnostic Test 10%, Diagnostic Test 10%, Diagnostic Test 10%
Section A ( 6 to 7 questions : 30 marks )
Section B ( 2 questions : 20 marks )
Computer
definition & function, elaborate , advantages and disadvantages, example
what is computer?
electronic device that storing, processing data and retrieve data.
what is the function of computer?
how important computer to our life?
What is Information Technology?
Main component unit in the computer ( output and input )
What is the defination of input device?
What is the function of input device?
Give 7 example of input devices
Briefly explain the function of the 7 example
input devices
- keyboard
- mouse / mouse pointing ( laptop )
- joystick
- scanner
- microphone
- sensor device
- handwriting recognition - pen based input
-
pointing based
output device
- speaker / headphone / earphone ( sound )
- monitor ( visual )
- printer
- projector
definition & function, elaborate , advantages and disadvantages, example
different between keyboard and joystick
What is computer system unit?
its contains electronic components of the computer used to process data
Give example of components of computer system unit?
- motherboard
- chip
- heat sink / heat pipe
- RAM
- Hard Disk Drive
- CD room / DVD room
- RAM
- Processor
- power supply
What is the function of the example of computer system unit you mention above
Plural Society
J.S Furnival :
2 or more ethics groups who live under one political unit ( a country ) but maintain their separate cultural identities
what is the definition of plural society
Social Characteristics of Plural Society
The diversity
of culture, the physical separation, identification of ethnic by
employment, lack of social contract and the existence of a dominant
group politically.
National Unity
The uniting of various groups that have different social and cultural backgrounds into physical entity
External in form
physical development
National Integration
A process of uniting groups with different backgrounds into one entity bound by common norms, values and interests
Abstract process
Spiritual development
Malaysia Concept Of Unity
A process of uniting the members of the society and the country as a whole through national ideologies so that the members of the society can be build up an identity common values and sense of belonging.
National Unity to be achieved at territorial, economic, politic, educational, social and cultural.
example is 1 Malaysia
The Theory Of Racial Relation
- Segregation
- Accommodation
- Acculturation
- Assimilation
- Amalgamation
Split in various area : residence, the school system, transportation, public facilities By Law ( de jure ) eg : Apartheid Policy or not by law ( de facto )
example is Apartheid Policy in Africa ( during Nelson Mandela )
Malaysia : Policy introduce by British colonial power Divide the Malays, Chinese, Indian into different occupation, place of living and education.
Malays in villages, Chinese in town, Indian in Estates
Education based on ethic interest.
A process where the ethic groups are aware of each others norms and values but they continue to safeguard their own living culture. Live in harmony and respect each other .
In goverment , has their representatives. Switzerland : German, French, Italian
Malaysia
After colonial power, people start to communicate to each other, understand and respect
014-9454781
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